Type composing apparatus



July 25, 1967 R A HlGONNET ET AL 3,332,617

TYPE COMPOSING APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 9. 1958 INVENTORS RENE A. HIGONNET LOU\S M MOYROUD c AT IORNEY July 25, 1967 R A. H|GONNET ET AL 3,332,617

TYPE COMPOS ING APPARATUS Filed June 1958 8 Sheets-Sheet Ii RENE A.

ATTORNEY l 3 mvsumxs 5 NET July 25, 1967 R. A. HIGONNET ET AL 3,332,617

TYPE COMPOSING APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 9, 1958 INVENTOU HIGONNET RENE A BY LOUlS M. MOYROUD E ATTORNEY July 25, 1967 R A lG E-r ET AL 3,332,617

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TYPE COMFOSING APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 9, 1958 o a o INVENTORS RENE A; HIGONNET LOUIS M. MOYROUD i ATTORNEY July 25, 1967 R A. QN ET ET AL 3,332,617

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July 25, 1967 TYPE COMPOSING APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 1" Filed June F. 1958 K 3 5 m 1 2w NNO EN Wwm mm m AM mm 5 E Rm V. B

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TYPE COMPOS ING APPARATUS Filed June 9, 1958 8 Sheets-Sheet IN V EN TORS RENE A. HIGONNET LOUB M. MOYROUD ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,332,617 TYPE COMPOSING APPARATUS Rene A. Higonnet, Cambridge, and Louis M. Moyroud,

West Medford, Mass. (both of 58 Charles St., Cambridge, Mass. 02141) Continuation of application Ser. No. 500,397, Apr. 11, 1955, now Patent No. 2,790,362. This application June 9, 1958, Ser. No. 741,209

Claims priority, application Great Britain, Apr. 21, 1954,

11,539/54 45 Claims. (Cl. 234) This is a continuation of our copending application Serial No. 500,397 filed April 11, 1955, now abandoned, and a continuation-in-part of Serial No. 770,320, filed August 23, 1947, now Patent No. 2,790,362, which was copending with Serial No. 500,397.

The present invention relates generally to type composing apparatus. More particularly, it is concerned with apparatus for storing information corresponding to the selected characters in a line of type for subsequent transcription in controlled spaced relationship.

The characters are preferably stored in a suitable register in full lines, rather than being transcribed immediately upon selection at the keyboard. This permits justification of the lines, whereby the right-hand margins are aligned; and it also permits correction of erroneously selected characters. Correction is made possible by permitting the operator to see the characters corresponding to the information stored in the register after each line has been composed, and to erase and correct any erroneous information in the register before transcription has begun.

It is well known that type composition requires great versatility in selection, not only of the characters and their cases, but also of the character styles, sizes and set widths. Moreover, the various characters of an alaphabet are of different widths relative to one another. It is necessary to provide a memory facility of sufficient capacity to store all of this information as well as additional information, particularly with reference to special spacing requiremcnts such as are commonly met in the printing art.

The principal object of this invention is to reorganize and simplify the means for transmitting information from the keyboard to the registering device. For present purposes, the specific form of register is unimportant, but it is preferably of the type having, for each selected character, a number of discrete register positions, each position being adapted to indicate one or the other of two possible conditions. This function may be performed, for example, by the familiar Lanston monotype punched tape as used in the composing machine of U.S. patent to Higton No. 2,351,126, but is preferably performed by'a mechanical register of the form described in U.S. patent to Higonnet and Moyroud No. 2,690,249.

The apparatus hitherto used for entering information into the register has been found unduly complicated. This increases the manufacturing cost, maintenance requirements and likelihood of errors in operation. Further objects of the invention are to reduce the foregoing factors as far as possible consistently with the requirements of versatility in selection.

Having in view the above objects as well as others which will be appreciated from the following discussion, a principal feature of the invention resides in providing a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements, and means under the control of the character keys and other keys actuated by the operator for connecting selected circuits of these elements with the register.

These multiple-circuit elements are used principally to perform two functions. The first function is to translate circuits corresponding to each of the several distinct char- 3,332,617 Patented July 25, 1967 acter keys into a relatively smaller number of circuits each corresponding to one of the possible relative width values." This latter term is defined as the ratio of the space occupied by a given character in a given style, size and set width to the space occupied by a given portion of a reference character, such as the m," in the same style, size and set width. Thus, one-fifteenth part of the width of the character m may be selected as a reference unit. On this basis, the i" may have a relative width value of 5 /2, the c may have the value 7, and so on.

The second function of the multiple-circuit elements is to translate the relative width values thus obtained into binary numbers representing the products of such values and the selected set widths. This latter term is a factor which takes into account the size of the selected alphabet and the desired closeness of adjacent characters in the composed line.

Thus, through the two functions described, there is provided a circuit adapted to represent, for any selected character, a binary number proportional to the space which the character is to occupy in the line, measured for example in convenient fractions of an inch or centimeter. This binary number is entered into the register. Additional information indicating the style and set is also entered into the register under the control of the keyboard and associated controls, as hereinafter described.

Other features of the invention reside in certain structures, arrangements and modes of operation which will become apparent from the description to follow.

In the drawings,

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically representing an entire type composing machine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a register;

FIG. 3 is a side elevation of mechanism for selection of multiple-circuit elements;

FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are side, top and end elevations, respectively, of a support for a number of multiple-circuit elements or cards;

FIG. 7 is a top elevation of a multiple-circuit element change lever and associated parts;

FIG. 8 is a detail view of part of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an end elevation taken on line 99 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 10 is a plan view of the multiple-circuit change lever panel;

FIGS. 11 and 12 are views of the two sides of a representative multiple-circuit element or card for multiplication of the relative width value of each character entry by a given set value;

FIGS. 13 and 14 are similar views of a representative multiple-circuit element or card for selecting a relative width value appropriate to a given style for each character entry;

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of connections to elements like that of FIGS. 13 and 14;

FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram of connections to elements like that of FIGS. 11 and 12; and

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of switching means associated with the operation of the multiple-circuit change levers.

Block diagram FIG. 1 is a block diagram representing an entire type composing machine according to the invention. There is provided the usual keyboard unit KB having a key for each selected character (there being forty-five keys of this type in the illustrated embodiment), a space bar SB, and a number of special keys. The keyboard unit is preferably adapted to provide a typed copy of the selected characters in the same manner as an ordinary typewriter. By this means, the operator may check the characters after each line of typing to detect any errors.

In addition, the keyboard is adapted to actuate a permutation bar unit PB, which may be of the familiar form used in teletype apparatus. The unit PB has four output circuits. The first circuit is constituted by a universal wire u, which receives a temporary electrical impulse whenever any character key or the space bar is depressed. The second circuit is constituted by six wires B to G, inclusive, forming with a wire A an alphabetical code group AC. A distinct combination of these wires is similarly ener gized whenever any one of the character keys is depressed. The third circuit is constituted by a number of wires forming a cable 12. There is one wire in this cable for every character key (forty-five in the illustrated embodiment), and each wire is energized only when the corresponding key is depressed. The fourth circuit is constituted by a single wire 14 which is energized whenever the space bar is depressed.

The keyboard or an adjacent part of the machine accessible to the operator is also provided with a number of other keys. These include a case shift key CSK, by which the universal wire 11 is connected to the alphabetical code wire A through energization of a case shift relay CS. A half-set key HSK is depressed to energize a half-set relay HS, thereby reducing the set width of any character to half its normal value. Similarly, a doubleset key DSK and a relay D8 are operative to double the set width of any character.

The alphabetical code group AC of seven wires is connected directly with a recording unit REC, which transfers information to the register REG a character at a time. The unit REC may include a number of punches for a paper tape, one for each entry wire, but it preferably includes the solenoid-actuated hammers of the register of said US. Patent 2,690,249, as schematically shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 2 there is shown a frame having a number of depressible pins in a column. There are a number of such columns arranged one next to the other. Each pin has two possible positions. According to the present invention, there are preferably fifteen pins S, A, 2', B, 4', C, 8, D, 16, E, 32', F, 64, G, and 128, arranged in a column to represent each character in a line. The pins are each depressed by a solenoid-actuated hammer, as illustrated for a pair of wires 4 and 8.

In addition to the alphabetical code group AC, there is a numerical code group NC leading to the recording unit. This group is constituted by seven wires, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128, each wire having a binary order represented by its reference number. This code group is used to represent the width of each character, taking into account its case, relative width value and set. Finally, there is a single entry wire S which is energized with a wire 18 through the wire 14 to designate a word space entry in the register. Also, by means hereinafter described a wire 20 which is energized at the same time transmits a width value indirectly (see FIG. 16) to the numerical code group NC, this Width value being the minimum value assigned to each word space.

The numerical code group NC is also connected with a line counter CL, which is preferably a binary accumulator of the type described in US. patent to Higonnet and Moyroud No. 2,682,814. This counter accumulates the widths of the selected characters in a line, whereby it is possible to determine the additional increments or spaces that must be added to the minimum word spaces or, if desired, between each pair of adjacent characters, to justify the line.

The determination of justification increment sizes is made in a suitable justifier JU, which may be, for example, of the type described in said US. Patent 2,682,814. To this end, an interword (word space) counter CI is also connected with the justifier. The counter CI may be a stepping switch as described in the last-mentioned patent, which steps one position each time the space bar is depressed through operation of an interword relay IW by the wire 14.

When an entire line of characters has been registered, the operator may read the unjustified copy produced at the keyboard to detect any errors therein. If there are no errors, a suitable carriage return key (not shown) may be depressed. This key returns the platen of the typing unit and initiates the transcription of the stored line in the usual manner. At any time before this key is depressed, the operator may return the platen of the typing unit to the position of any character to be corrected, and erase and correct the corresponding information in the register REG and the line counter CL. This is made possible in a mechanical register by a mechanical connection between the recording unit REC and the platen of the typing unit, as fully described in said US. Patents 2,690,249 and 2,682,814. According to these patents, a group of contact-closing sensing levers 22 are lifted to detect the binary width value of the erroneous character, and an erasing mechanism 26 is then moved to retract the pins.

After the line has been composed and corrected, the information in the register is read by a suitable reading device REA, a character at a time, and transferred to a transcription unit TU and a spacing mechanism SM. Normally, the units TU and SM operate in alternate fashion, with the unit TU first transcribing a given character, for example by projection upon a sensitized film, and the unit SM then moving the film a distance corresponding to the Width of the particular character to bring the film into position for the next succeeding character. As will be obvious, the mechanism SM is also controlled by the justifier JU.

In the case of a tape register, the reading unit may be of the pneumatic type as shown in said US. Patent 2,351,126, or of the electrical reading-brush type. In the case of a pin register, the reading unit maybe constructed as shown in said US. Patents 2,690,249 and 2,682,814, FIG. 6. This latter patent also discloses a suitable photographic transcription unit. Suitable spacing mechanisms are preferably of the form utilizing a binary input to produce linear movements in a carriage, which are directly proportional to the width values represented, as in the copending US. application of Higonnet and Moyroud Serial No. 375,653, filed August 21, 1953, now Patent No. 2,806,574.

The means whereby the cable 12, with its wires corresponding to each of the character keys, is connected with the numerical code group NC of seven binary wires leading to the recording unit REC, are hereinafter described. These means principally include two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements corresponding, respectively, to the style and set width of the characters.

Circuit element selection Referring to FIG. 1, there are two cables 28 and 30, each of which has as many wires as there are wires in the cable 12. (For convenience only ten wires are shown, although forty-five are used in the preferred embodiment.) These cables are connected through transfer contacts of the case shift relay CS. The cable 28 corresponds to the lower case and the cable 30 to the upper case. These cables appear in FIG. 15 where they are shown connected to four multiple circuit elements 33, 34, 36 and 38. The mechanical structure and method of selection of these elements will be understood from FIGS. 3 to 14, inclusive.

FIG. 3 shows a side elevation of a card-selection mechanism which is manipulated by a style change lever 40 protruding through a grille 42 in a plate 44 (FIG. 10). There are two such mechanisms, the other being manipulated by a set change lever 46; but only one mechanism is described since they are substantially identical.

The lever 40 may be rotated to the left or right as viewed in FIG. 10, about a pivot 48 (FIGS. 3 and 7). The pivot is secured between extensions of a sleeve member 50 supported upon a rod 52. The lever may also be moved upward or downward as viewed in FIG. 10 to cause movement of the sleeve along the rod. An arm 54 secured to the sleeve transmits the motion, through a block 56 pivoted on the arm, to an extension of a lever 58 having a fixed pivot, the lever being slidably received in the block 56.

The lever 58 is engaged with a block 60 (FIGS. 3 and 9) slidably supported on a rod 62 secured to the frame of the machine. The block 60 is bolted to a card carriage 65 of inverted U-shape, into which a replaceable card support 66 may be placed and secured.

The card support is shown in detail in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. It consists of top and bottom plates 68 and 70 secured to a vertically notched card separator 72, a pair of beveled members 76 secured to the card separator at the forward end of the support, and a pair of beveled members 78 similarly secured to the separator at the rear of the support and having sloping surfaces parallel with those of the members 76. The members 76 and 78 and the notched separator 72 provide means for supporting a number of multiple-circuit elements in the form of fiat cards like that of FIG. 13 in four groups, two on each side, with the cards in each group lying in parallel, slightly overlapping relationship. The cards are held in place at their narrow edges by retainer plates 80.

The top plate 68 carries slides 82 which fit within a groove in the lower surface of the carriage 65. The bottom plate is relieved to receive rollers 84 pivoted to the plates 80, the rollers being adapted to move along a groove in a frame member 86. The separator has a handle 88 for easy handling of the card support. The support with cards assembled in place is assembled to the machine by simply lifting a latch 90 pivoted to the carriage 65, inserting the support with its slides 82 in the groove of the carriage and its rollers 84 in the groove in the frame member 86, and closing the latch upon a post 92 secured to the separator 72. It is also necessary to depress a springloaded latch 94 so that it is free of a rack 96 secured to the card support. A carriage disengaging magnet 98 (FIGS. 3 and 17) may also be energized to depress the latch.

The rack and latch are used to position the card support accurately in relation to a pair of fixed brush supports 100 (FIGS. 3 and 9), each support having two columns 102 of individually spring-mounted brushes and each column being mounted upon a pair of bell-crank levers 103 attached by vertical rods 104, whereby the brushes 106 may be moved into contact with a selected card by rotation of said levers. The two columns of brushes on each side of the card support are moved together through interconnecting horizontal rods 108 by a magnet 110 or 112 (FIGS. 3, 9 and 17), and are normally urged into contact with the cards by springs 114 or 116. The magnets 110 and 112 are parallel-connected (FIG. 17) to permit all four contacts to move in unison. It will be obvious that mechanisms other than the bell-crank levers may be used to move the brushes. For example, well-known mechanisms adapted to produce straight line motion of the brushes may be employed.

The magnets 118, and 122 in FIG. 17 correspond to the magnets 110, 112 and 98, respectively, and are associated with the similar mechanism actuated by the set change lever 46.

The construction of the individual cards in the style change carriage 65 is illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14. The cards in the set change carriage are similarly constructed as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The body of each card preferably consists of a plastic or plastic-impregnated insulating material having a thin layer of copper on both sides. The copper is selectively etched away on each side to form the illustrated patterns of mutually insulated conducting lines. After etching, a pattern of holes is punched through the card, and the remaining metal is plated to improve its conductivity and produce a metallic connection through each hole between a strip on one side and a strip on the other. Also, a margin 124 on each card is preferably plated with a highly corrosion-resistant metal such as gold to insure good contact with the brushes.

The brushes touching each card are divided into two groups, an input group 126 of 45 brushes, represented in FIG. 15 as 10 brushes for simplicity, and an output group 130 of thirteen brushes. Thus, an input brush corresponding to a particular typed character may be connected through the card to a corresponding output brush designating a particular relative width value.

It will be seen that at any moment the four columns of brushes are in contact with four cards, one card in each of the four groups in the support 66. FIG. 15 schematically represents these cards in plan view, showing the electrical connections. There are as many cards in each group as there are selectable styles or lever positions in the grille 42 (sixteen as illustrated). Though the case shift relay CS (FIG. 1), the operator transfers the connections of the cable 12 either to the right-hand pair of cards 34 and 38 on one side of the support 66 representing lower case characters, or to the left-hand pair of cards 33 and 36 on the other side of the support representing upper case characters.

Each of the input wires connects with an input brush on each of the two cards corresponding to the selected style and case. However, it is arranged that only one of the brushes will find a completed circuit. If the particular character is one which has a relative width value of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, or 18 in the selected style, the appropriate circuit is completed through the card 33 (upper case) or 34 (lower case); if its relative width value is 4, 4%., 5 /2, 6 /2, 7 /2, 8 /2, 9 /2, 10 /2, 11 /2, 12 /2, or 17, the appropriate circuit is completed through the card 36 (upper case) or 38 (lower case).

For example, the card 34 in FIGS. 13 and 14 represents the lower case characters in the Baskerville Roman style which have relative width value outputs as indicated in FIG. 15 for this card. It will be seen that the character (1 represented by a brush 132 has the output value 8, the 1) represented by a brush 134 has the value 10, and the c represented by a brush 136 has no circuit. (The value for the c" is 7V2, and the corresponding connection is made on the card 38.)

The output circuits for the style cards are shown in FIG. 15. These outputs pass through a special style change relay SS actuated through a special style change key SSK and a special style transfer relay SL, to twenty-four output wires at the bottom of FIG. 15. These output wires, identified with their appropriate relative width values, appear at the top of FIG. 16 which shows the connections to set cards 138, 140, 142 and 144 on the carriage manipulated by the lever 46 (FIG. 10).

These connections are made through contacts of a set range relay SR actuated through a key SRK. When this key is open, the operator has a selection of set values corresponding to slots in the grille 146, as follows: 5, 5 /2, 6, 6 /2, '7, 7%. 8, 8V2, 9, 9 /2. 10, lG', 2,ll, ill 1.12 and 14. When the key is closed, the set values of the slots are changed, respectively, to the following values: 5%, 5%, 6 /4, 6%, 7%, 7 /4, 8 /4, 8%, 9 9%, 10%, 10%, 11 A, 11%, 12 /2 and 13. The values listed above are preferably displayed on the respective grille positions, and are obtained by moving the lever 46 to the desired position. A value equal to twice the selected value may also be obtained with the lever at any position by closing the doubie-set key DSK (FIG. 1), and half the selected value is obtained by closing the half-set key HSK.

With the key SRK open the twenty-four inputs to the set cards are connected with the cards 138 and 142 on one side of the set card support, these cards corresponding to the selected set in the first of the above set ranges; and with the key closed identical connections (not shown) are made with the cards and 144 on the other side corresponding to the second set range.

It will be observed that there are sixteen set cards in each of the four card groups. These cards are constructed as shown in FIGS. ll and 12, with forty-nine input brushes and nine output brushes 148. The input wires are divided between the two groups of input brushes on each side of the card support as shown in the drawing. The card 140 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, for example, corresponds to special set 10 /4 and is adapted to receive relative width value inputs 4, 4 /2, 5, 5 /2, 6, 6 /2, 7, 7 /2, 8, 8%, 9 and 18.

Each of the twenty-four input wires at the top of FIG. 16 is connected to four rectifiers, with each rectifier leading to a separate blade of the relay SR, except in the cases of the inputs 17 and 18 which have five rectifiers each. For simplicity in the drawing, only the rectifiers for the input 18 are shown. Although only a single wire 150 for this input is shown connected to the card 138, there are four other wires 152 which are connected with adjacent input brushes. Thus, the input 18 actually accounts for five input brushes, represented in the drawing by a single brush 154. Similarly, each of the remaining input brushes shown in the drawing represents four brushes, making a total of forty-nine for each card.

The output brushes 148 (FIG. 11) have the values, from left to right, of 24, 6, 2. 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128. The combination of these brushes which is energized represents the product of the relative width value input and the set value which the selected card represents. For example, the input 4 is represented by an impulse appearing on four brushes 156. For a set, the exact prodnet is 43. It will be seen from the drawing that the binary outputs 32, 8 and 4 are energized, representing a total of 44, this being the nearest value to the exact product that can be represented. In some cases the nonbinary output brushes 24 and 6 are also energized. These are connected through rectifiers to the respective binary outputs as shown in FIG. 16.

The binary outputs of all four set cards are connected to a cable 158 shown in FIG. 1. This cable is connected through transfer contacts of the double-set and halfset relays DS and HS, to the cable NC and the counter CL.

It will be appreciated from the foregoing that depression of the space bar SB sends an impulse to the wire (FIGS. 1 and 16), where it enters the selected set card as a relative width value of 4, and is multiplied by the same set value as the characters being composed. Thus, in the case of a set width of 10 /4, the width entry in the register through the set card for a word space is 44.

With respect to the word space entries, it will be further noted that the wire 4 is energized directly through the wire 18 in every case, irrespective of the set value, and to this extent there will be a small but insignificant variation in some cases between the space represented by the set card output circuit and that represented in the register.

Special codes It has been previously explained that each of the fortyfivc keys on the keyboard may be used to make an entry in the register by energizing a distinct combination of the Wires 8 to G. Thus, the letters F and f may be represented by the combination EF, plus some combination of the binary width values 2 to 128 depending on the particular case, style and set Width, for example. Also, an upper case character is distinguished from the corresponding lower case character by the code entry "A in the register. Similarly, a word space appears as the combination S, 4, and some combination of the binary width values 2 to 128, depending on the selected set width. Other code entries hereinafter described are made in the register to represent the desired style and size of each character selected and special style changes 8 which may be effected without manipulation of the lever 40.

The code entries representing the styles and sizes of characters are made from coded connector plates and 162 (FIG. 17), respectively. These are fixed plates constructed of insulating material and having plated thereon coded conducting strips represented by the shaded areas. The plate 160 is mounted adjacent the sleeve 50 of the style change mechanism as shown in FIG. 7. The plate 162 is similarly mounted adjacent the set change mechanism, not shown. Eight brushes 164 supported on the sleeve 50 are arranged to move along the plate to any one of sixteen positions 166, which they occupy when the lever 40 is engaged in the various positions of the grille 42. Through contacts of a slow-releasing style code relay ST, the six uppermost conducting strips are connected with the wires C, D, E, F, G and S leading to the register.

As indicated below, the wires S and C are energized whenever any style change occurs. Each two adjacent positions of the lever 40 (one on each side of the grille) will cause energization of a common combination of the wires E, F and G, as indicated in FIG. 17. The right-hand position is distinguished from the left-hand position of each such pair by energization of the wire D through closure of a switch 168 (FIGS. 7, 8, and 17), when the lever is moved to the right. (There is no corresponding switch in the set change mechanism; in all other respects the mechanisms are identical.) Closure of the switch 168 is effected by an arm 170 secured to the lever 40, which bears upon a lever 172 pressing upon a contact actuating button 174.

Also associated with the plate 160 are transfer contacts 176 and 178 (FIGS. 7 and 17) supported on the sleeve 50, which are actuated through a lever 180 pivoted on the sleeve 50 by a button 182 protruding from a side of the lever 40. This button actuatcs the contacts when the lever 40 is in the vertical (neutral") position, but does not actuate them when the lever is engaged in a selected position on either side of the grille.

Code entries designating the style are not made in the register except when a change of style is to be made. At such time, a style change code is entered in the next position of the register after the last character of the old style, as follows: The lever 40 is moved to neutral, actuating the contacts 176 and 178 to connect the battery to the brush disengaging magnets 110 and 112 and to the slow-releasing style code relay ST. The carriage disengaging magnet 98 is also energized by closure of contacts associated with the magnet 110. The lever is then engaged in the new position, returning the contacts 176 and 178 to the positions shown, thus deenergizing the magnets 110, 112 and 98 to lock the card carriage accurately in the new position and to reengage the brushes. The removal of the battery from the relay ST does not cause its immediate release, but permits connection of the battery for a brief interval with the register through a wire 184, the brushes in contact with the code strips, the appropriate code strips, and the contacts of the relay ST.

In a very similar manner, a character size code is entered in the register whenever a change in the point size or magnification of the composed characters occurs. This is accomplished automatically by manipulation of the set change lever 46. Thus, a size code entry may be described as follows: The lever 40 is moved to neutral, actuating contacts 186 and 188 to connect the battery to the brush disengaging magnets 118 and 120 and to a slow-releasing set code relay LE. The carriage disengaging magnet 122 is also energized by operation of the magnet 118. The lever is then engaged in the new position, returning the contacts 186 and 188 to the positions shown, thus deenergizing the magnets 118, 120 and 122. The slow release of the relay LE permits brief connection of the battery with the register through a set change only switch SCO, the connection being made directly to the common wires S and B, and indirectly through a strip 192 to the four uppermost brushes and the appropriate combination of the code strips to a combination of the wires D, E, F, and G.

The code strips are so arranged that each of the available character sizes which may be represented in the register is assigned to one or more of the set widths which may be selected by the operator. Thus, the code for a particular size is automatically entered in the register each time the set is changed to one of its assigned set widths, in the manner previously described. However, occasionally it is desired to change the set without changing the size. This is accomplished as follows: First the switch SCO is opened and the lever moved into the new set position. After it has reached this position and the relay LE has released, the switch SCO is reclosed. It will be apparent that thi prevents the size code for the new set from reaching the register.

Rapid style shift As stated before under the heading Circuit Element Selection, the output wires from the style cards (FIG. are connected with the set cards through contacts of a special style change relay SS and a special style transfer relay SL. These relays are energized only under special circumstances when it is desired to effect a rapid style change, for example from Roman to Italic, by means of a key in much the same manner as with a case shift, and without moving the lever 40.

If such a shift between two selected styles is desired, they must be of such design that the relative width value of every character in both styles falls within the range 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 18. It will be appreciated that if this condition is met, one of the styles may be represented in its entirety by only two cards, such as the card 33 for the upper case characters and the card 34 for the lower case characters. No connections for this style will be made at the card positions 36 and 38 since the relative Width inputs normally assigned to these cards are not used.

According to the present invention, instead of providing cards at the positions 36 and 38 without connections to their outputs, a pair of style cards like the cards 33 and 34 are used. These are adapted for the input values 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 18 and correspond to a second style. The transfer from the style represented by the cards 33 and 34 to the style represented by the special cards in the positions 36 and 38 is simply made by a switch SCK as follows:

Upon the initiation of a composition using these two styles, the key SSK is closed. This energizes the relay SS, which remains closed until the composition is finished, transferring the outputs of the cards 36 and 38 to contacts of the relay SL, as shown. With the key SCK normally in the position shown, the relay SL is unenergized, and only the outputs of the cards 33 and 34 corresponding to one of the styles finds a circuit to the set cards. To effect the style shift, the key SCK is operated, thus energizing the relay SL and transferring the outputs of the cards 36 and 38 to the set cards.

A special code is sent to the register when such a shift is effected. As shown in FIG. 15, actuation of the key energizes the wires 8, A and B and connects the battery to a slow-acting relay SC which then opens the circuit to the register. The relay SC remains energized until the style is shifted back by moving the key SCK to the position shown. The battery then finds a temporary circuit to the wires S, A and C, which opens when the relay SC releases.

It will be appreciated that the foregoing feature doubles the number of styles which may be selected by a given position of the lever 40 in the grille 42.

It will be seen, therefore, that the preferred embodiment of the invention heretofore described comprises a novel apparatus for entry of certain information which is necessary in type composition into a register where it is stored in the form of discrete code combinations adapted to be sensed consecutively during transcription of the characters, to ascertain the identity of each character, its case, style, size and the width to be allocated to it in the line. This apparatus includes a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements, or cards, each representing a given style, for assignment of a relative width value to each selected character. Additional apparatus includes a number of similarly selectable multiple-circuit elements, or cards, each representing a given set width, for automatic selection of the product of each relative width value and the corresponding set width.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, it may be modified in conformity with present knowledge in the art to suit particular applications, as will be readily appreciated. Also, it will be apparent that the multiple-circuit elements are represented in the drawings as cards of a specific construction; but other equivalent forms and structures will occur to the skilled artisan, and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

What we claim is:

1. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits each representing a predetermined relative width value of a character, means to energize the circuits to represent the relative width values of the selected characters in a line successively, a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements, each element corresponding to a given set width, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections corresponding to the relative width values of characters and being joined with said input circuits, and memory register means joined with said output connections, the output connections being arranged in numerical order for energization in combinations corresponding to the product of each relative width value and the corresponding set width.

2. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input connections with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means to complete the circuits from the input circuits to the register through the selected elements of said groups alternatively.

3. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements, each element in a group corresponding to a selectable style, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, one group having input connections corresponding to characters in the lower case and the other group having input connections corresponding to characters in the upper case, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input connections with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with saidoutput connections, and transfer means actuated by a case shift control to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the connections of said groups alternatively.

4. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements, each element in a group corresponding to a selectable style, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, one group having input connections corresponding to characters in one group of styles and the other group having input connections corresponding to characters in a second group of styles, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input connections with said output circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means actuated by a style shift control to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the connections of said groups alternatively.

5. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, one group corresponding to a given range of set width values and the other group corresponding to a second range of set width values, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input connections with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the connections of said groups alternatively.

6. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, a group of selectable multiple-circuit elements representing styles, a group of selectable multiple-circuit elements representing set widths, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections of the stylerepresenting elements being joined with said input circuits and the input connections of said set width-representing elements being joined with the output connections of the stylerepresenting elements, and a register joined with the output connections of said set widthrepresenting elements.

7. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, a number of circuitcarrying cards, a set of input and output connections adapted to engage with a single card, selection mechanism for moving the cards in relation to said connections, each card being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections being joined with said input circuits, and register means joined with said output connections.

8. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, a card support, a number of circuit-carrying cards carried in the support, a set of input and output connections adapted to engage with a single card, selection mechanism for moving the support in relation to said connections, each card being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections being joined with said input circuits, and register means joined with said output connections.

9. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, a movable carriage, a card support detachably received in the carriage, a number of circuit-carrying cards carried in the support, a set of input and output connections retractably supported in a fixed frame for resilient engagement with a selected card, selection mechanism for moving the carriage in relation to said connections, each card being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections being joined with said input circuits, and register means joined with said output connections.

10. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, a movable carriage, a card support detuchably received in the carriage, a num ber of circuit-carrying cards carried in the support in substantially parallel, slightly overlapping relationship, a set of input and output connections retractably supported in a fixed frame for resilient engagement with the exposed overlapping portion of a selected card. selection mechanism for moving the carriage in relation to said connections, each card being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections being joined with said input circuits, and register means joined with said output connections.

11. In type composing apparatus, the combination of means for designating the selected characters in a line successively, a number of input circuits each representing a predetermined width value of a character, means to cause each character designating means to actuating a corresponding input circuit, a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements, each element corresponding to a given set width, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element, each element lacing adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections corresponding to the relative width values of characters and being joined with said input circuits, a transcribing unit to transcribe the selected characters successively in a line, and spacing mechanism joined with said output connections, the output connections being arranged in numerical order for energization in combinations corresponding to the product of each width value and the corresponding set width.

12. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard, a number of input circuits each representing a predetermined width value of a character, means for causing a selected key to actuate a corresponding input circuit, a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements. each element corresponding to a given set Width, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected clement, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections corresponding to the relative width values of characters and being joined with said input circuits, a transcribing unit to transcribe the selected characters successively in a line, and spacing mechanism joined with said output connections, the output connections being arranged in numerical order for cnergization in combinations corresponding to the product of each width value and the corresponding set width.

13. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two selectable multiplecircuit elements, means for making a number of input and output connections with each element simultaneously, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, the input connections corresponding to characters and being joined with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the selected elements alternatively, the output connections corresponding to the width values of characters.

14. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiplc circuit elements, each element in a group corresponding to a selectable style, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, one group having input connections corresponding to characters in the lower case and the other group having input connections corresponding to characters in the upper case, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input connections with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means actuated by a case shift control to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the connections of said groups alternatively, the output connec tions of each group corresponding to the width values of characters in the corresponding case.

15. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements, each element in a group corresponding to a selectable style, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, one group having input connections corresponding to characters in one group of styles and the other group having input connections corresponding to characters in a second group of styles, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input cnnections with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means actuated by a style shift control to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the connections of said groups alternatively, the output connections of each group corresponding to the width values of characters in the corresponding style.

16. In type composing apparatus, registering means including, in combination, a number of input circuits, means to energize the circuits to represent the relative Width values of the selected characters in a line successively, two groups of selectable multiple-circuit elements, means for making a number of input and output connections with a selected element in each group simultaneously, one group corresponding to a given range of set width values and the other group corresponding to a second range of set Width values, each element being adapted to join predetermined input and output connections, means to join the input connections with said input circuits, a register, means to join the register with said output connections, and transfer means to complete the circuit from the input circuits to the register through the connections of said groups alternatively, the output connections being arranged in numerical order for energization in combinations corresponding to the product of each relative width value and the corresponding set width.

17. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit card elements, there being an element for each of a plurality of selectable styles and each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections permanently joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, style selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, and register means connected with the output connections of said selected element.

18. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit elements, there being an element for each of a plurality of selectable styles and each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, style selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, register means connected with the output connections of said selected element, and means operated by said style selection means to enter information in the register identifying each style selection.

19. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit elements, there being an element for each of a plurality of selectable styles and each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, style selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, register means connected with the output connections of said selected element and adapted to store information in successive positions corresponding to the widths of the selected characters in a line, and means operated by said style selection means to enter information in selected positions in the register identifying each style change and the style selected.

20. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having a selection device and character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements arranged in two groups, the elements in a group corresponding to distinct styles, style selection means for making a number of input and output connections with an element in each group simultaneously, switching means operated by the selection device to complete a circuit through each input circuit and a corresponding input connection on one of the simultaneously selected elements, each element being adapted to join each input connection with output connections representing the width of a corresponding character, and register means joined with said output connections.

21. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having a case shift device and keys each representing a character in the upper and lower case, an input circuit for each character representing key, a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements arranged in a lower case group and an upper case group, there being an element in each group for each selectable style, means for making a number of input and output connections with an element corresponding to a selected style in each group simultaneously, switching means operated by the case shift device to complete a circuit through each input circuit and a corresponding input connection on one of the simultaneously selected elements according to a selected case, each element being adapted to join each input connection with output connections representing the width of a corresponding character, and register means joined with said output connections.

22. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having a rapid style shift device and character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a number of selectable multiple-circuit elements arranged in a first style group and a second style group, each element in each group corresponding to a distinct style, style pair selection means for making a number of input and output connections with an element in each group simultaneously, switching means operated by the rapid style shift device to complete a circuit through each input circuit and a corresponding input connection on one of the simultaneously selected elements corresponding to a selected style in the selected pair, each element being adapted to join each input connection with output connections representing the width of a corresponding character, and register means joined with said output connections.

23. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, circuits actuated by the keys to represent successively the relative width values of the selected characters in a line, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit card elements, there being an element for each of a plurality of selectable set widths and each element having input connections corresponding to said key-actuated circuits and output connections permanently joined with the input connections tot represent values approximately equal to the product of each relative width value and the corresponding set width, set width selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the key-actuated circuits with the input connections of a selected element, and register means connected with the output connections of said selected element.

24. in type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, circuits actuated by the keys to represent successively the relative width values of the selected characters in a line, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit elements, there being an element for each of a plurality of selectable set widths and each element having input connections corresponding to said key-actuated circuits and output connections joined with the input connections to represent values approximately equal to the product of each relative width value and the corresponding set width, set width selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the key/actuated circuits with the input connections of a selected element, register means connected With the output connections of said selected element, and means operated by said set width selection means to enter information in the register identifying each width selection.

25. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, circuits actuated by the keys to represent successively the relative width values of the selected characters in a line, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit elements, there being an element for each of a plurality of selectable set widths and each element having input connections corresponding to said key-actuated circuits and output connections joined with the input connections to represent values approximately equal to the product of each relative width value and the corresponding set Width, there being a predetermined point size corresponding to each set width, set width selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the key-actuated circuits with the input connections of a selected element, register means connccted with the output connections of said selected element, code entry means normally operated by said set width selection means to enter information in the register identifying the point size corresponding to each selected set width, and means to disable said code entry means to permit a change in the set width selection without entering said information identifying the point size in the register.

26. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit card elements, each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections permanently joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, element selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits With the input connections of a selected element, register means connected with the output connections of said selected element, and code entry means normally operated by said selection means to enter information in the register identifying said selected element.

27. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiplecircuit card elements, each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections permanently joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, element selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, register means connected with the output connections of said selected element, code entry means normally operated by said selection means to enter information in the register identifying said selected element, and means to disable said code entry means to permit a change in the element selected without entering said information identifying said element in the register.

28. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit card elements, each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections permanently joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, element selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, a line length accumula tor and a register connected with the output connections of said selected element, the accumulator being adapted to add the widths of successively selected characters in a line and the register being adapted to store in successive positions information corresponding to each character including its width, at justifier operable in conjunction with the accumulator to determine space increment values to be inserted to justify the line, transcription means operable by the register to transcribe the characters stored therein successively, and spacing means operable by the register to space the transcribed characters by the stored width values and by the justifier to add said increments to the spaces of the line.

29. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiplecircuit elements, each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, element selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, conversion means to transiate to binary form the information represented by the output connections of the selected element, a line length accumulator and a register connected with the conversion means, the accumulator being adapted to add the widths of successively selected characters in a line and the register being adapted to store in successive positions information corresponding to each character including its width, :1 justifier operable in conjunction with the accumulator to determine space increment values to be inserted to justify the line, transcription means operable by the register to transcribe the characters stored therein successively, and spacing means operable by the register to space the tran scribed characters by the stored width values and by the justifier to add said increments to the spaces of the line.

30. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit card elements, each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections permanently joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, element selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, and a line length accumulator and a register connected with the output connections of said selected element, the accumulator being adapted to add the widths of successively selected characters in a line and the register being adapted to store in successive positions information corresponding to each character.

31. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a keyboard having character keys, an input circuit for each character key, a holder supporting a plurality of selectable multiple-circuit elements, each element having an input connection corresponding to each input circuit and output connections joined with the input connections to represent the widths of the corresponding characters, element selection means adjacent the keyboard and operable to connect the input circuits with the input connections of a selected element, conversion means to translate to binary form the information represented by the output connections of the selected element, a line length accumulator and a register connected with the conversion means, the accumulator being adapted to add the widths of successively selected characters in a line and the register being adapted to store in successive positions information corresponding to each character.

32. In a machine for producing a coded tape representative of a composed line of type characters which vary in width on a relative width value basis, the combination of a keyboard, a character identification code mechanism acting in response to key actuation for producing character identification signals in the tape, and a character width code mechanism acting in response to the same key actuation for producing corresponding character width signals in the tape, said character width code mechanism including a plurality of groups of code elements having different character width values as between groups, the different groups of character width code elements representing different type fonts and the code elements in each group representing the relative width values of the type characters in the corresponding font, together with means for selecting one or another of the groups of character width code elements according to the font of type characters to be composed.

33. The combination according to claim 32, wherein the selecting means include a function switch means which produces in the tape a signal representing the group of character width code elements selected.

34. The combination according to claim 33, wherein the function switch means is a font selecting lever which produces in the tape a font signal representing the group of character Width code elements selected.

35. The combination according to claim 32, wherein the character width code elements in each of the different groups represent in decimal form the unit width values of the type characters in the corresponding group, and wherein the character width code mechanism also includes a further group of code elements for converting into binary form the decimal unit width values of the type characters of the selected groups, said group of binary code elements being common to all of the groups of decimal code elements.

36. The combination according to claim 32, wherein all of the code elements therein referred to are in the form of electric conductors which control the operation of the signal producing mechanism according to code.

37. In a machine for producing a coded tape representative of a composed line of type characters which vary in width on a relative width value basis, the combination of a keyboard, a character identification code mechanism acting in response to key actuation for producing character identification signals in the tape, and a character width code mechanism acting in response to the same key actuation for producing corresponding character width signals in the tape, said character width code mechanism comprising a group of code elements representing in decimal form the unit set width values of the type characters, and a further group of code elements for converting into binary form the decimal unit width values of the type characters.

38. The combination according to claim 37, wherein all of the code elements therein referred to are in the form of electrical conductors which control the operation of the signal producing mechanism according to code.

39. In a machine for producing a coded tape representative of a composed line of type characters which vary in width on a relative width value basis, the combination of a keyboard, a character identification code mechanism acting in response to key actuation for pro ducing character identification signals in the tape, a character width code mechanism acting in response to the same key actuation for producing corresponding character width signals in the tape, a function coder acting in response to a function'selector actuation for producing in the tape any selected one of a plurality of signals representative of different point sizes, and means for setting the coder according to the point size selected.

40. In a machine for producing a coded tape representative of a composed line of type characters which vary in width on a relative width value basis, the combination of a keyboard, a character identification code mechanism acting in response to key actuation for producing character identification signals in the tape, a character Width code mechanism acting in response to the same key actuation for producing corresponding character width signals in the tape, a function coder acting in response to a function-selector actuation for producing in the tape any selected one of a plurality of signals representative of different point size and leading, and means for setting the coder according to the point size and leading selected.

41. In a machine for producing a coded tape representative of a composed line of type characters which vary in width on a relative width value basis, the combination of a keyboard, a character identification code mechanism acting in response to key actuation for producing character identification signals in the tape, a counting device, and a character width code mechanism acting in response to the same key actuation for producing corres onding character width signals in the counting device, said character width code mechanism including a plurality of groups of code element having different character width values as between groups, the difierent groups of character width code elements representing different type fonts and the code elements in each group representing the relative width values of the type characters in the corresponding font, together with means for selecting one or another of the groups of character width code elements according to the font of type characters to be composed.

42. In type composing apparatus, the combination of input circuits for selective energization in accordance with characters selected for composition, output circuits for selective energization in accordance with codes corresponding to the widths of the selected characters, and a group of multiple-circuit elements for selective association with the input and output circuits each comprising an electrically insulating carrier bearing conductive circuitry interconnecting input and output connections in the manner required by the widths of the characters.

43. The combination according to claim 42, wherein each said element comprises an insulating card having conductive areas on its opposite faces, the conductive areas on one face leading to input connections and those on the other face leading to output connections, the appropriate areas on opposite faces being interconnected by connections extending through the card.

44. In type composing apparatus, the combination of a number of input circuits each representing a selectable character, means to energize the circuits to represent characters successively, a group of selectable multiplecircuit elements each corresponding to a distinct font of said characters and having interconnected input and output connections, the input connections representing characters and the output connections representing corre- No references cited. sponding width values therefor in a particular font, means for operatively connecting said input circuits with the WILLIAM W. DYER, JR., Primary Examiner.

input connections of a selected element, an output circuit, ROBERT A LFIGHEY FRANK F BAILEY and means for operatively connecting the output con- 5 nections of the selected element to the output circuit. DREW JUHASZ WILLIAM LAWSON 45. The combination of claim 44 with a counter con- Exammers' nected with the output circuit for totalling the width values I. J. IIAMILL, J. G WAT'IERSON, Amislan! Examiners. of the selected characters in a line of composition 

1. IN TYPE COMPOSING APPARATUS, REGISTERING MEANS INCLUDING, IN COMBINATION, A NUMBER OF INPUT CIRCUITS EACH REPRESENTING A PREDETERMINED RELATIVE WIDTH VALUE OF A CHARACTER, MEANS TO ENERGIZE THE CIRCUITS TO REPRESENT THE RELATIVE WIDTH VALUES OF THE SELECTED CHARACTERS IN A LINE SUCCESSIVELY, A NUMBER OF SELECTABLE MULTIPLE-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS, EACH ELEMENT CORRESPONDING TO A GIVEN SET WIDTH, MEANS FOR MAKING A NUMBER OF INPUT AND OUTPUT CONNECTIONS WITH A SELECTED ELEMENT, EACH ELEMENT BEING ADAPTED TO JOIN PREDETERMINED INPUT AND OUTPUT CONNECTIONS, THE INPUT CONNECTIONS CORRESPONDING TO THE RELATIVE WIDTH VALUES OF CHARACTERS AND BEING JOINED WITH SAID INPUT CIRCUITS, AND MEMORY REGISTER MEANS JOINED WITH SAID OUTPUT CONNECTIONS, THE OUTPUT CONNECTIONS BEING ARRANGED IN NUMERICAL ORDER FOR ENERGIZATION IN COMBINATIONS CORRESPONDING TO THE PRODUCT OF EACH RELATIVE WIDTH VALUE AND THE CORRESPONDING SET WIDTH. 